{"id":883,"date":"2022-03-10T12:39:48","date_gmt":"2022-03-10T12:39:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.tekrevol.com\/blogs\/?p=883"},"modified":"2025-06-25T13:58:58","modified_gmt":"2025-06-25T13:58:58","slug":"java-vs-kotlin","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.tekrevol.com\/blogs\/java-vs-kotlin\/","title":{"rendered":"Kotlin Vs. Java: What Are the Differences?"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"img_sep\">\n<p>In this article, we will uncover the differences between two popular programming languages, Kotlin and Java.<\/p>\n<p>The debate Kotlin Vs. Java has been going on for too long, and today, we\u2019re listing down the main differences, features, applications, and USPs of both languages so that you can differentiate between the two easily.<\/p>\n<p>But first, let\u2019s learn \u201cWhat is Kotlin?\u201d and \u201cWhat is Java?\u201d.<\/p>\n<h2>Key Difference Between Java and Kotlin Programming Languages<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\">Kotlin offers object-oriented and functional features to developers. In contrast, Java only offers object-oriented programming.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\">Kotlin offers extension creation capabilities, whereas Java doesn\u2019t offer any extension function.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\">Kotlin doesn\u2019t support implicit conversions; however, Java supports implicit conversions.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\">Null objects and variables are an integral part of the Java programming language. In Kotlin, Null variables and objects are not found.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\">Java uses static members, whereas Kotlin doesn\u2019t support static members.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\">Variables of primitive type are objects in Kotlin, but in Java, primitive type variables are not objects.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\">Support for Lambda Expression is present in Kotlin. However, Java doesn\u2019t support this feature. (Java 8 has Lambda Expression)<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\">Variable datatype specification isn\u2019t required in Kotlin; however, in Java, variable datatype specification is required.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\">Semicolons are not required in Kotlin. In Java, programs require a semicolon.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\">Language scripting capabilities enable you to use Kotlin directly in your Gradle build with scripts. Java, on the other hand, does not offer language scripting capabilities.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<h2>What is Kotlin?<\/h2>\n<p>Kotlin is an open-source programming language that enables developers to run Java Virtual Machine (JVM). The programming language can run on multiple platforms.<\/p>\n<p>Kotlin also combines object-oriented programming (OOPs) and functional programming in a self-sufficient and distinctive platform.<\/p>\n<p>From a historical standpoint, IDE Jet Brains came up with this new programming language called Kotlin. It was designed to handle major features that couldn\u2019t be handled through Java.<\/p>\n<p>While Kotlin has been around since at least 2011, its official release came in 2016.<\/p>\n<p>Unlike Java, Kotlin is an open-source language. Being open-source gives Kotlin a major security and development advantage over Java.<\/p>\n<p>In addition to that, integrating Java stacks with Kotlin can also be done seamlessly by installing just one plugin. This plugin will allow you to switch from Java to Kotlin.<\/p>\n<p>Moreover, Kotlin is a statically typed programming language. Recently, Google I\/O announced that Kotlin has now been recognized as one of the officially supported languages for application development in the Android domain.<\/p>\n<h2>What Is Java?<\/h2>\n<p>Java is a multi-platform programming language that is also object-oriented and network-centric. Java is one of the oldest programming languages that was designed and released by Sun Microsystem in 1995, only to be later acquired by Oracle Corporation.<\/p>\n<p>Java is credited with popularizing this programming method where objects were deployed to represent data and other elements. Its emergence edged out procedural programming majorly.<\/p>\n<p>It\u2019s not advisable to run Java programs on the browser because then you would have to deploy Java Applets too. When integrated as plugins, these applets usually end up making application management difficult. Back-end development is a more suitable development job that can be done through Java.<\/p>\n<p>OpenJDK is the primary implementation of the Java language to date. Despite all else, Java is still the most preferred choice by developers worldwide when they\u2019re developing applications on Android. This is because of the environmental congruity powered by Java as Android itself is developed and written in it.<\/p>\n<h2>Java Has Multiple Issues That Have Now Been Solved With Kotlin:<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>The type system majorly authorizes any null references present<\/li>\n<li>Raw types of any kind are not present in it<\/li>\n<li>Arrays didn\u2019t have invariance in Java but they have it in Kotlin<\/li>\n<li>Java\u2019s SAM-conversions didn\u2019t have function types but Kotlin has them<\/li>\n<li>Wildcards are not required to deploy or utilize site variance<\/li>\n<li>Java did have checked exceptions but Kotlin eliminates this need<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Features Exclusive To Java That Are Not Present In Kotlin<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Members are static<\/li>\n<li>Multiple types of wildcard<\/li>\n<li>Fields are primarily nonprivate<\/li>\n<li>Checked exceptions<\/li>\n<li>Availability of non-classes primitive types<\/li>\n<li>Ternary operator<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Features Exclusive To Kotlin That Are Not Present In Java<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Availability of Null-safety<\/li>\n<li>Presence of Smart casts<\/li>\n<li>Presence of String templates<\/li>\n<li>Multiple types of Properties<\/li>\n<li>Availability of Primary constructors<\/li>\n<li>Extension functions<\/li>\n<li>Delegation available of the first class<\/li>\n<li>Variable and property types have different kinds of type inference<\/li>\n<li>Singletons<\/li>\n<li>Projections of type<\/li>\n<li>Variance in declaration sites<\/li>\n<li>Multiple types of range expressions are available<\/li>\n<li>Operator overloading<\/li>\n<li>Companion objects<\/li>\n<li>Different types of data classes are available<\/li>\n<li>Read only and mutable set of collections, both have different interfaces earmarked for them<\/li>\n<li>Coroutines<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Java was the past of Android and Kotlin is current and probably the future of Android development languages.<\/p>\n<p>Kotlin has now become the preferred language that Android app developers should use, as announced by Google in it\u2019s the latest update about Android programming languages.<\/p>\n<p>In a blog about this announcement, Google mentioned that \u201cAndroid development will become increasingly Kotlin-first,\u201d It further went to say that \u201cMany new Jetpack APIs and features will be offered first in Kotlin. If you\u2019re starting a new project, you should write it in Kotlin; code is written in Kotlin often means much less code for you\u2013less code to type, test, and maintain.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>At <a href=\"https:\/\/techcrunch.com\/2017\/05\/17\/google-makes-kotlin-a-first-class-language-for-writing-android-apps\/\" rel=\"nofollow\">I\/O 2017<\/a>, three years ago, Google relayed the announcement that its Android Studio IDE will now have support for Kotlin. Before this, Java had been the primary Android app development language for developers out there, so this announcement did come off as a bit off a surprise, but this was definitely one of the key highlights of I\/O 2017.<\/p>\n<p>Since then, in the last three years, Kotlin\u2019s popularity as a highly preferred Android development language has steadily gained steam. Now, Kotlin is being used in more than 50% of the apps being developed and rolled out on the Google Play Store by Android developers. This news was shared by Google itself.<\/p>\n<p>Even some credibly industry surveys have given credence to this fact. Stack Overflow Developer Survey came out with the results that Kotlin is now the fourth most preferred programming language out there.<\/p>\n<p>Before all this occurred, Java was the official language for development on the Android platform as relayed by Google. This explains the fact as to why a majority of Android is written in Java. Till then, all the APIs on Android could only be utilized if you called them via Java.<\/p>\n<p>You could use the Android Native Development Kit (NDK) to develop apps in C and C++ even then, but Google definitely didn\u2019t prefer this.<\/p>\n<p>Google said that native code usage in developing for Android increased the app\u2019s complexity while not providing much on the performance front, underlining the reason why C and C++ were not promoted.<\/p>\n<p>The Kotlin programming language has seen an exponential rise in the development world, with developers recognizing the benefits of its implementation. As of 2019, The<a href=\"https:\/\/kotlinlang.org\/community\/\" rel=\"nofollow\"> Kotlin\u00a0mobile app development\u00a0community<\/a> continues to expand. A few years ago, <a href=\"https:\/\/techcrunch.com\/2019\/05\/07\/kotlin-is-now-googles-preferred-language-for-android-app-development\/\" rel=\"nofollow\">Google\u2019s acknowledgment for Kotlin made it the second official language for Android app development<\/a>, topped only by Java.<\/p>\n<p>With this announcement, Google positioned Kotlin as their preferred language for <strong>app development<\/strong>. For <a href=\"https:\/\/www.tekrevol.com\/android-app-development\">android\u00a0app developers<\/a>, this was a sign of a significant transition. At its core, Kotlin\u2019s purpose is to provide developers an easier to use, less text-bulky, and more intuitive development language.<\/p>\n<div class=\"img_sep\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"asborder\" src=\"https:\/\/www.tekrevol.com\/assets\/images\/bottomline.png\" alt=\"divider\" \/><\/div>\n<h2 id=\"section-02\">Kotlin as a Modern Solution.<\/h2>\n<p>One of Kotlin\u2019s primary objective was to attain accessibility on all platforms. A simple concept of face value, Kotlin\u2019s mission goes a lot deeper. It aims to make sharing code between all platforms possible and accessible. Kotlin 1.3\u2019s release was a step in the right direction with improvements to Kotlin\/Native advancing the multi-platform convenience.<\/p>\n<p>By no means is this improvement ideal. With Kotlin, which is a modern language, still being optimized through innovation there is a lot of room for improvement. Though the trend shows that for Developers, Kotlin is a step in the right direction.<\/p>\n<p>Some of the more recent innovations have made mobile app scalability more attainable by supporting the ability to reuse code to substantially save time and effort. This allows developers to focus and spend extra time on far more challenging tasks.<\/p>\n<p>The modern market trend seems to believe in Kotlin&#8217;s promise. Trends show enterprise leaders and mobile platforms switching to Kotlin for Android Applications. Some of the biggest industry names include Twitter, Airbnb, and Netflix.<\/p>\n<p>Let\u2019s take a deeper dive into the specific benefits of Kotlin to answer the question: <strong>What is the difference between Kotlin and Java:<\/strong><\/p>\n<div class=\"img_sep\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"asborder\" src=\"https:\/\/www.tekrevol.com\/assets\/images\/bottomline.png\" alt=\"divider\" \/><\/div>\n<h2 id=\"section-03\">Kotlin is Concise and Simple.<\/h2>\n<p>Amongst many things that Java is famous for, the conciseness of its code is not one of them. This is a real thorn in the side of developers.<\/p>\n<p>Here, Kotlin gives them the best. Not only is Kotlin far more concise, but the readability it provides is also clearer.<\/p>\n<p>The less text-intensive Kotlin\ufffd\ufffd\ufffds text limitation comes with the ability to read and understand the coding better.<\/p>\n<p>This allows developers to change, edit, or enhance a product with relative ease as opposed to Java.<\/p>\n<p>This reduction of boilerplate code solves a big problem for developers, for whom checking for errors is incredibly hard. To identify and rectify bugs and mistakes takes a lot of time. With Kotlin, this becomes much easier.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_890\" style=\"width: 980px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-890\" class=\"wp-image-890\" src=\"https:\/\/d1q2pszv7kr9f1.cloudfront.net\/uploads\/2019\/10\/Java-Vs-Kotlin.png\" alt=\"Java Vs Kotlin\" width=\"970\" height=\"666\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d3r5yd0374231.cloudfront.net\/images-tek\/uploads\/2019\/10\/Java-Vs-Kotlin.png 1030w, https:\/\/d3r5yd0374231.cloudfront.net\/images-tek\/uploads\/2019\/10\/Java-Vs-Kotlin-300x206.png 300w, https:\/\/d3r5yd0374231.cloudfront.net\/images-tek\/uploads\/2019\/10\/Java-Vs-Kotlin-768x527.png 768w, https:\/\/d3r5yd0374231.cloudfront.net\/images-tek\/uploads\/2019\/10\/Java-Vs-Kotlin-1024x703.png 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 970px) 100vw, 970px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-890\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Image Source &#8220;superkotlin.com&#8221;<\/p><\/div>\n<p>To comprehend the extent to which Kotlin helps reduce coding to save time is self-explanatory through the image above. Notice how even from a mere glance at the two sides, you can notice a drastic difference.<\/p>\n<p>This difference is perhaps one of Kotlin\u2019s greatest achievements in terms of its goals. Here the ability to scan and identify bugs and make necessary changes is easier, with both the codes giving the same functional result.<\/p>\n<p>One of them is just simpler, easier and more intuitive than the other.<\/p>\n<p>Interoperability through Bytecode.<\/p>\n<p>At its core, interoperability has been the main focus of Kotlin. Making every library accessible to Kotlin programmers to help them use existing knowledge to deliver better results.<\/p>\n<p>Developers can simply write modules in Kotlin that functions seamlessly with the existing Java Code. A Kotlin compiler allows the two languages to work in unison in the same project, by emitting the Bytecode.<\/p>\n<p>This is an important factor of consideration for developers who are in the process of transitioning from Java to Kotlin. In its absence, the transition would be a paramount shift.<\/p>\n<p>Inherent Null Safety and automation.<\/p>\n<p>Kotlin\u2019s comes with an inbuilt Null safety feature. The NullPointerException is largely responsible for the mistakes within the app development process. In Android, a null represents a missing value, but null can easily throw all of the hard work out of the window in an application.<\/p>\n<p>With Kotlin, this problem is solved through the integration of inherent null safety. This makes the need for writing extra code for workarounds redundant and unnecessary. For developers, this is perhaps the worst part of their work, which is now automated.<\/p>\n<p>For laymen, you could say that Kotlin is just simply smarter than Java with problem-solving and creating process optimization.<\/p>\n<div class=\"img_sep\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"asborder\" src=\"https:\/\/www.tekrevol.com\/assets\/images\/bottomline.png\" alt=\"divider\" \/><\/div>\n<h2 id=\"section-04\">The Business Benefits of Switching to Kotlin<\/h2>\n<p>Redoing large portions of a project in a new programming language is a serious decision; however, Kotlin offers two indispensable business benefits impacting the decision.<\/p>\n<h3>Reduced Project Timelines<\/h3>\n<p>For Businesses, Kotlin\u2019s succinct nature of coding is a great asset. It saves time in development, code modification, code reviewing and bug fixes.<\/p>\n<p>This allows them to reduce both the project timeline and cost, giving them a significant competitive edge.<\/p>\n<p>This is important in today\u2019s competitive market to be able to perform better than competing businesses.<\/p>\n<h3>Product Quality, Enhancement, and Support<\/h3>\n<p>For developers, app crashes are a heartache. With Java\u2019s extensive coding, it means more than just the existence of an error.<\/p>\n<p>It also means the need to spend a large amount of time to go through the code to identify the mistake. The bigger the code, the more hidden the error in the coding.<\/p>\n<p>With Kotlin, this precise code allows for an easier time to fix bugs and crashes and provide long-term support.<\/p>\n<p>It also allows for the application interface to be far cleaner as opposed to Java programs, due to the programmers having a greater sense of control and clarity during the development process.<\/p>\n<div class=cta-post>\n\t    <ul>\n\t        <li><div class=\"para-txx\"><strong>Want expert advice for your business?<\/strong><\/div><\/li>\n\t       <li><button type=\"button\" class=\"btn-cta\" data-bs-toggle=\"modal\" data-bs-target=\"#single_modalpopup\">\nBook a Free Consultation\n<\/button><\/li>\n\n\t<\/div>\n<h2 id=\"section-05\">Should you switch from Java to Kotlin?<\/h2>\n<p>In terms of pure benefits, Kotlin is definitely a better language for android app development. The Kotlin vs Java debate is fought on two fronts. First, let\u2019s discuss the present.<\/p>\n<p>Kotlin being a relatively new language does have information gaps. These gaps can often lead to a problem-solution gap for developers. While the community is growing and more information is being cultivated, in comparison to a classic like Java, it is still maturing.<\/p>\n<p>This could lead to a few problems for developers who might not know how to solve certain problems using Kotlin that they could solve with Java.<\/p>\n<p>The second front is the future. Kotlin is the future, with its immense benefits, lower workload and easy functionality, it is a developer\u2019s choice of language. As the community for Kotlin grows, its popularity has skyrocketed in the industry. The increase in code lines from 2.1 to 10 million in just one year from 2016 \u2013 2017 marks the rise in Kotlin\u2019s popularity.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_889\" style=\"width: 667px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-889\" class=\"wp-image-889\" src=\"https:\/\/d1q2pszv7kr9f1.cloudfront.net\/uploads\/2019\/10\/121212.png\" alt=\"Growth Of Kotlin\" width=\"657\" height=\"570\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d3r5yd0374231.cloudfront.net\/images-tek\/uploads\/2019\/10\/121212.png 598w, https:\/\/d3r5yd0374231.cloudfront.net\/images-tek\/uploads\/2019\/10\/121212-300x260.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 657px) 100vw, 657px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-889\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Growth Of Kotlin Image Source &#8220;jaxenter.com&#8221;<\/p><\/div>\n<p>Here, the question becomes<strong>, is Kotlin Replacing Java? <\/strong>The predication of Kotlin on improving upon Java makes it an evolutionary inevitability that it will most likely replace Java in the long run. Thus, the need to prepare for the switch is necessary. Eventually, the need for this switch can become imminent and to gain a competitive edge, businesses will have to switch.<\/p>\n<p>Based on this, if not an immediate switch, companies and businesses need to start preparing for one. Switching from Java to Kotlin can lead to some problems with product architecture due to class deletion and other implications.<\/p>\n<p>This is why the measure needs to be carefully handled and it needs to be analyzed whether a team is ready for this switch or not. Switching in a sustainable and gradual manner might be the best way to go about this, for a complete transition over a period of time. This time can be used to assess market trends, Kotlin\u2019s evolution and its eventual position in the industry for a better-informed decision<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The Kotlin programming language has seen an exponential rise in the development world<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":954,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"blog_temp_new.php","format":"standard","meta":{"_mi_skip_tracking":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[4,58],"tags":[178,176,177],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v24.3 (Yoast SEO v24.4) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Kotlin Vs. 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